@Michael Chase Walker:

Even the claim, "Well we all see them red with our eyes, and there are certain chemicals inside tomatoes like lycopene and carotene that make them red" is an Appeal to Authority,

I don't think the statement you quoted qualifies as an appeal to authority, as its logical form is not that which is the same as the form of an appeal to authority.

@Michael Chase Walker: well, it doesn't appear to be an appeal to complexity or tradition either. If you want to break the statement down to its two claims, the first claim would be "well we all see them red with our eyes," which you could take to be an appeal to popularity or common belief, but I would see it as a legitimate appeal since the issue in question (color of tomatoes) is contingent on our sense perception, and since people with functional visual perception (color blind people aside) agree that tomatoes are red, that could be seen as a legitimate consensus rather than a fallacious appeal to popularity/common belief. The second claim "there are certain chemicals inside tomatoes like lycopene and carotene that make them red" is a valid scientific claim that can be validated. A quick search on carotene will demonstrate that it has an orange-red pigment, and lycopene in tomatoes is literally defined in a study as "the pigment principally responsible for the characteristic deep-red color of ripe tomato fruits and tomato products." (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11192026) The fact that there are exceptional tomatoes of other colors is irrelevant and does not address the typical tomatoes in question.